• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A process for the production of the enzyme cyanide hydratase which comprises continuously cultivating a microorganism strain under specified conditions of temperature, pH and dilution rate whilst continuously supplying cyanide ions and/or hydrogen cyanide and/or compounds which generate cyanide ions and/or hydrogen cyanide under fermentation conditions to the culture. A method forthe treatment of a cyanide-containing material to degrade the cyanide therein which uses cyanide hydratase produced by the process of the invention is also claimed. Preferably the microorganism is a Fusarium strain, in particular Fusarium lateritium Nass CMI 300533 deposited at The Commonwealth Mycological institute, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, England under the terms of the Budapest Treaty.
    公开号:SU1602394A3
    申请号:SU874202067
    申请日:1987-02-18
    公开日:1990-10-23
    发明作者:Раймонд Ричардсон Кеннет；Морис Кларк Питер
    申请人:Империал Кемикал Индастриз Плс (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    This invention relates to biotechnology and relates to the preparation of cyanide hydratase No. 4.2.1.66 (also known as formamide hydroliasis).
    The purpose of the invention is to increase the activity of the target product.
    The method consists in the selection of fermentation conditions for the enzyme-producing microorganism and the addition of culture to the culture of cyanide ions and / or hydrogen cyanide in the course of production, which ensures their transformation into hydrocyanic acid5 and involves the use of such bacterial microorganisms and fungi, as Stephylum loti ATCC 117, Microo-tropocentra CBS 231 53, Fusarium raoniforme CBS 16182, Hel-minthosporiun sorghicola CBS 2.49.40,
    Peniconia .circinata CBS 263 37, Glomerella tucamanensis CBS 132.37.
    The preferred strain is Fusarium latiritium Nees.
    CM1 3005333, non-pathogenic to wheat and possessing the following characteristics.
    Morphological characteristics. Wednesday (I) Potato Sucrose Agar (PSA). 250 g of washed and sliced potatoes are placed in a cauldron and kept in a nem at a pressure of 15 pounds per 1 KB, inch for 15 minutes. The broth is filtered through two layers of muslin, 2% glucose and 2% agar are added to the cloudy filtrate, kept in an autoclave and dispersed.
    (2) Czapek-Dox (modified | agitated) agar (Oxoid) (SPA).
    05
    about
    tsD
    CO CO 4
     S
    Oxoid is a registered sign.
    Cultivation conditions: 25 C, several weeks.
    Growth rate: 4.0 cm for 3 days, 3.0 cm for 3 days, respectively.
    Characterization of growth: flake-likely growing colonies with white vozdugaga 1m mycelium. The PSA substrate is a greyish pink with crimson spots, turning yellow, somewhat paler on CDA. Sometimes a dark red pigment is formed, in particular with aging. After a week or two, the aerial mycelium turns brown and breaks down. The colony becomes quite mucous, forming from pink to brown on PSA and orange-pink on CDA.
    Fluid release does not occur. The color of the pigment produced is usually the same as the mycelium.
    Conidia Microconidia are not formed in this organism. Microconidia are formed from single-sided phialids or multi-branched conidiophores with short filida. In older cultures, conidio forra aggregates with the formation of ROSODOHY, in particular, on CDA. The shape of conidia can vary from sickle-shaped, curved fusoid. back ventral, q number of partitions 3-5, usually 5 in younger cultures. The size of the spores is in the range of (25-30) x (2.5-4.0) µm.
    The support cell often has a stem, in particular in the case of a spore with more than 5 partitions. Swollen cells are found in the mycelium, sometimes there are chlamydospores, intercalary, single or links,
    Fungi can grow in two different forms, spherical or granular, as well as in dispersed form, when they are diffuse fibrous strands dispersed in a nutrient medium. When used for processing materials, it is important that the fungi grow in a dispersed, rather than spherical or granular form. Since the ro in a granular form is inhibited due to the diffusion of nutrients and gases through the granules, the cultivation process in this case is not
    j 0
    five
    Q
    five
    five
    0
    five
    effective. The conditions of the cultivand and the proposed method should be favorable for the growth of fungi in dispersion form.
    The fungal strain can be grown under conditions of oxygen or carbon control. Preferred conditions are cord, effective growth is carried out with simultaneous oxygen and carbon control. As a nutrient medium, a medium of a specific composition is used: namely, it contains mineral salts in addition to a carbon source without the addition of any unspecified organic materials, such as yeast extract.
    Any suitable source can be used as the carbon source for carrying out the proposed process. It is preferable to use glucose for this purpose. The source of nitrogen is ammonium sulfate and ammonium hydroxide, and the source of phosphorus is potassium phosphate and phosphoric acid. The main components of the nutrient medium used in the implementation of the proposed method are contained in it in the following amounts, g: HjPO 10-20 Ml-t
    K2.S04.800-1400
    MgS04-7H.2.f 700-1200 Glucose ' H 10000-40000 (NH4) 2S04 500-3000 Microelements 0.1-20 Optimum nutrient medium introduced into the culture under sterile conditions, has the following composition,
    1.1 M N ROF 320 MP / 20 L
    Screw elements and
    Biotin10 MP / 20 L
    K S0420 / 20
    MgSO. 18/20
    Glucose "H O223 / 20
    (NH) 2S0450 / 20
    The composition of the solution of trace elements and biotin. (In solution per 1 liter), g: FeClj-eHj O9,6
    CuS04 5H.2,03,6
    MnS04 4H2030.0
    , 0
    Biotin, 0.52
    L 1-iodide ions or hydrocyanic acid are introduced into the culture separately or together; those with other nutrients at the cultivation stage

    the proposed method, the Preferred
    but cyanides are added to the nutrient medium introduced into the culture in the form of an alkali metal 1 cane, for example potassium or sodium cyanide. At the beginning of the cultivation stage, cyanides are added in small amounts, which then, as the fungus cells in the culture adapt to them, are gradually increased and, in their plants, are introduced at a concentration of at least 15 mmol based on the total nutrient content. medium in culture (t. in the calculation of the total amount of all liquid nutrients in the culture), preferably in an amount of 10, most preferably 4-6 mmol / g dry cells. It has been found that with increasing concentration of cyanide ions in a nutrient medium introduced into culture under stationary conditions, the activity of the enzyme lyshehydratase increases, and the magnitude of its activity depends linearly on the cyanide ion concentrates. Thus, for example, the activity of a ferment, expressed in micromoles forming tsegos per 1 minute per 1 liter of formamide culture, with a small content (20 mmol) is equal to 220.
    The following cultivation conditions for the proposed method are preferable: the dilution rate is 0.05-0.1 h - pH 5.0-5.0, preferably 5.5; Temperature 28-32 0, preferably 30-32 ° C. In these parts, the activity of the resulting fermantle is maximal.


    }.
    During the cultivation process, the culture is non-continuously withdrawn from the fermenter in which the cultivation is carried out. Cells containing the enzyme cyanide hydratase y are separated from the culture taken out of the fermenter (ly), 1 m approach 1 1 by 1 m method, preferably by filtration. Separated cells can 6i, iTb in -1sucheny and then subjected to further processing, such as extrusion, to obtain the content of piarpgl hydratase from kpetoi material in any; the desired form, for example, in the form of aggregates or powder. The enzyme can also be separated from the cells and used in pure form. This is usually not necessary, therefore, as a rule, the enzyme is not separated from the cells.
    ten
    20
    four
    The cyanide hydratase material obtained by the proposed method can be used to treat cyanide-containing wastewater. The enzyme obtained by the proposed method has a high stability (its half-life, for example, can be up to 130 days) and high activity. A highly stable enzyme-containing material can be obtained if the cultivation stage of the proposed method is carried out under conditions of oxygen or oxygen and carbon control. The enzyme containing material with high activity can be obtained by carrying out the cultivation stage of the proposed method at 30-32 ° C.
    Example 1. Cyanide hydratase is obtained by cultivating the gatamma Fusarium CM1 300533 in the presence of HCN in a continuous manner, introducing a culture of the indicated composition on glucose into 25 cultures. The cultivation was carried out in stationary conditions at different temperatures, pH 5.5 and dilution rate of 10. The results obtained are summarized in table. 1, from which it can be seen that the maximum activity of the enzyme is achieved at a cultivation temperature of 30-32 ° C, and at lower temperatures, the activity is obtained twice as low as the maximum. At temperatures above 34 ° C, culture does not grow. The enzyme activity is expressed in micromol formamide, obtained per minute from 100 mmol sodium at pH 8.5.
    PRI mme R 2. Piash-shchhydratase is obtained by cultivating the strain Fusarium latiritiura CM1 300533 in the presence of HCN in an uninterrupted manner, introducing into culture a culture medium of the indicated composition on glucose. The cultivation of DI was carried out under stationary conditions at different oxidation rates and constant pH (5.5), temperature (30 ° C) and dilution rates (0.10 h). The resulting enzyme is freeze dried and stored at 4 ° C above. silica gel. The stability of the obtained enzyme is controlled by analyzing an aliquot of 5 samples at regular intervals.
    The results are summarized in table. 2, from which it can be seen that
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    five
    ten
    15
    20
    25
    The storage capacity of the enzyme increases if cultivation is carried out with simultaneous oxygen and carbon control.
    Froze The induction profile of cyanide hydratase is determined by cultivating the strain Fisarium CM1 300533 in a continuous manner by introducing a culture medium into the culture of the indicated composition on glucose. The cultivation was carried out under steady-state conditions at various concentrations of HCN, maintaining the pH (5.5), temperature () and dilution rate (0.10 h) constant.
    The drawing shows a graph of the linear relationship between the induced activity and the concentration of cyanide.
    Linearity is maintained until a concentration of cyanide in the nutrient medium is at least 24 mmol. On the graph, the nominal concentration of cyanide is plotted along the ordinate axis, and total activity along the abscissa axis.
    PRI me R 4. The Fusarium CM1 300533 Bbip strainer is sewn in a continuous process in a 6000l container using a specified nutrient medium; zo containing as a carbon source of glucose. The growth rate is controlled by the concentration of glucose. The pH is maintained between 5.0 and 5.8, the dilution rate is 0.08- 0.1 hour, and the temperature is 30-32 seconds. Sodium cyanide is added to the nutrient medium in the amount of 61.5-73.5 mmol. The cultivation is carried out under conditions of oxygen starvation, for which the aeration intensity is reduced. As a result, ethanol is formed in the amount of 0.81 g / l. For 140 hours, 12.2-14.3 g / l of biomass with activity of gr anidhydratase of 81.0 - 122.4 units was obtained. those. 81., 0-122., 4 μMol formamide in 1 min per 1 mg dry weight (for the analysis, 120 mmol of cyanide solution at pH and 20 ° C were taken).
    16023948
    权利要求:
    Claims (7)
    [1]
    1. A method of obtaining cyapid hydratase, which involves continuous cultivation under conditions of aeration of a microorganism-producing microorganism in an aqueous nutrient medium containing a carbon source, acceptable for this microorganism, inorganic nutrients and a solution of microelements, with a continuous supply of source 11 {anid- hydrogen ions and / or hydrogen cyanide, followed by the addition of cells, the cyanide hydratase contents, which are characterized by the fact that, in order to increase the activity of the target product, at 28–32 ° C, pH 4.5–7.5 and the dilution rate of the medium in the range of 0.05–0.11 hours and the minimum concentration of 1 arm of ions and / or hydrogen cyanide, is introduced into the nutrient medium, set at least 15 mmol.
    [2]
    2, the method according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the microorganism producing enzyme by the microorganism is the Fusarium latiritium Nees CMI 300 strain. 533.
    [3]
    3. The method according to claim 1 is also characterized in that the source of ionide ions and / or hydrogen cyanide is added to the culture in an amount equivalent to 2-10 mmol / g dry cells.
    [4]
    4. Method according to claim 1, that is, with the fact that the source of cyanide ions and / or hydrogen cyanide is added at a concentration of 4-6 mmol / g dry cells.
    [5]
    5. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that glucose is used as the carbon source.
    [6]
    6. The method according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that cultivation
    is carried out at a pH of preferably 5.0-6.0.
    [7]
    7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the cultivation is carried out preferably with
    40
    30-32 0.
    7. Spo u and u with
    30-32 0.
    1602394
    10 table 1
    Oxygenation
    Table 2
    Half-life, days
    Aerobic Conditions Medium Anoxia Tough Anoxy
    21 63 90
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    GB8604068D0|1986-03-26|
    AU604675B2|1991-01-03|
    CN87100788A|1987-09-16|
    DE3781701D1|1992-10-22|
    EP0234760A3|1988-06-29|
    ATE80658T1|1992-10-15|
    JPS62224288A|1987-10-02|
    GB8702137D0|1987-03-04|
    KR870008021A|1987-09-23|
    EP0234760B1|1992-09-16|
    EP0234760A2|1987-09-02|
    MY101147A|1991-07-31|
    ZA87777B|1987-10-28|
    CA1321967C|1993-09-07|
    BR8700711A|1987-12-22|
    FI870674A0|1987-02-18|
    NZ219330A|1989-01-06|
    DE3781701T2|1993-03-18|
    DK82387A|1987-08-20|
    DK82387D0|1987-02-18|
    FI870674A|1987-08-20|
    AU6854887A|1987-08-20|
    引用文献:
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    DE3263639D1|1981-03-20|1985-06-13|Ici Plc|Effluent treatment|
    GB8702138D0|1986-02-19|1987-03-04|Ici Plc|Cyanide hydratase|GB8702138D0|1986-02-19|1987-03-04|Ici Plc|Cyanide hydratase|
    GB9117379D0|1991-08-12|1991-09-25|Ici Plc|Purification of labile compounds|
    JPH0742705A|1993-07-30|1995-02-10|Yutani Heavy Ind Ltd|Hydraulic device for operation machine|
    FR2737485B1|1995-08-02|1997-09-05|Pechiney Aluminium|PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR TREATING EFFLUENTS CONTAINING CYANIDES|
    GB2314078B|1996-06-14|2000-06-07|British Gas Plc|Biodegradation of iron cyanide complexes|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    GB8604068A|GB8604068D0|1986-02-19|1986-02-19|Cyanide hydratase|
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